Some experts think that president Bush ; the son was terribly mistaken in interpreting the meaning of security and democracy . there is a wide gap between what Bush says and what he does particularly regarding the positions in the middle east and the attention of propagating democracy . the middle east peoples , especially Egypt are the vanguard of peoples who look forward to freedom and democracy , refusing the positions of dictatorship and tyranny which scattered around the world . But , America is dealing with us in a shaming duality , arousing suspicion and ignoring – on purpose that – the people of the area – especially Egypt – has a remarkable culture . In the same time they refused to have democracy like the Iraqi model . America thinks that democracy is the freedom of Israel to kill people and destroy buildings. This apparent duality is just on operation of reshuffling roles , the essence of the American policy is based on a collection of pressure papers ready to be utilized according to the suitable situation , each at a time .
The Americans researcher and writer Michel Liden " who issued in 1996 a book entitled " Betrayal of Democracy " and issued another book 2002 entitled " war on the Lords of Terrorism " the main points in these two books summarise the most important goals for the new conservatives which is to modulate and diagram the world map , and the map of the middle east in particular ,considering democracy as the most important articles America should export to the area with the allegation that the start point is to set up a free Iraq in the core of the middle east , representing a revolution to the world democracy .
Nobody can understand the American direction compass , whether to believe Bush when he says he doesn't want a certain sort of democracy in the middle east ; there are more types of democracy matches with the peoples' culture , or to believe Michel Liden ; democracy is the most American article to be exported to the middle east . To our surprise , when Bush spreads democracy in the middle east , he blinked his eyes , on purpose for what Israel is doing against the Palestine people . He branded Sharon ; - before he went on a coma – as a man of peace , the moment Sharon was ordering to demolish the Palestinian camps and he continued to build up the settlements and the Apartheid Wall .
In fact , the American president didn't speak words full of forgiveness and co- existence which encourage to make dialogue of cultures and civilisations , but , all his words focus on the potentials of running after , sanction and retaliation . America calls the resistance against occupation " terrorism " and describes terrorism as a legal right to self-defense to justify the Israeli ferocious brutality against the Palestinians . America poses the definitions for human rights and forms of democracy. Nobody can blame America for the contradictory conceptions from place to another , because the conceptions of the super powers only committed to their interests. No wonder what we call a "rogue " country today , may be tomorrow , will be a mild country and vice versa .
For instance , Saddam Hussein was an ally to the west in the 80th when he was utilised to beat Iran in a war lasted 8 years , bleeding the fortunes' area in favor of the weapon industry . After his allied role ended , they began to call him the " evil , the tyrant and the dictator and we all know how he met his end .
Israel violated Palestine , you didn't hear anything showing the Jews conquested Palestine and made their people homeless , on the contrary , you hear the terroristic Palestinians who shed the Israeli blood . Anybody who has no background will imagine that the Arabs conquested Israel who wanted to restore their rights and set up their country .
During the term of Bill Clinton, , the American defense ministry prepared studies about the American interference strategy in the international positions ; implying that there was a strong connection between the American interference and the increase of the armed operations against the US . but , the hawks of the new conservatives in the defense ministry had opposing directions . When they failed in Iraq , they looked for a way out . they thought of raising the sign of the democratic conversion and the political reforms in the middle east as a new title for the justification of the American occupation to Iraq . In fact , building up a strong democratic political regime is not that easy , as some people think in the researches and studies , but it is complicated circumstances ,the increasing population growth and international and regional turbulences affected in our home positions , most of all , one of the positive phenomena in the election of " Shora – consultation assembly , done in Egypt in 2007 is the resolution of supreme elections committee to expand the circle of monitoring the civil society to participate 19 organisations up to 6 thousand observers supervised by the national council for human rights and the quota of 50 % to the laborers and farmers .this is a strong evidence of the ability of the Egyptian civil society to monitoring and an obvious progress in practising some democracy in Egypt . the political reform and the appearance of a powerful party which is able to be a compass to the political life that will give the others lessons how to practise the political work .
The democratic development in Egypt is still in the beginning and reflects our potentials in development and growth . Yet we think the rate of participation is weak ; 30 % attendance does not achieve the proportionate representation. The day of elections in Egypt is a tough tiring process . the records of the polls are not correct . the demonstrations the trouble makers make before the polls committees result in great burdens on the shoulders of the security systems . Every citizen should have a serial number rather than the poll tickets . Some experts think that the fault of democracy is that there is no guarantee to win in advance for any candidate or a party in disinterested elections . therefore some new thinkers blame democracy of that sort , , it gives a chance for some unwanted political powers to get into the political domain . this was the tune which prevailed the Shora elections . It is said that we managed to pass over the dangerous deficiency of democracy on the Egyptian way and we walked on the same routes of the Algerian , Syrian and Yemen elections . We found ourselves before a unique one . the sweeping majority of the party wins actually ; those who were possessing authority will take the same seats they were already having , without any real change . the real problem of this situation is not the case of frustration and depression the people who elect have , - they originally don't go to the polls - they lost the confidence of democratic change , but the continuation of this deformed position , how democracy – in our Arab world changes into a dirty stupid game ? it allows elections really , but it is the sort of elections that lead to – consecrating the authority in the same ruling class . It will make this game hasardous ; where they can eliminate the unwanted candidates and put in custody those who would probably win . It is said that the security system put in custody more than one thousand candidates from the " Muslim Brothers " and the independents ; allegating that they belong to the banned group or they utilise religious slogans . This added an atmosphere of horror and lack of security .What marked this battle is that ; it was a test to what extent the policy the state used to prevent the religious slogans in the political work succeeded ? Some terms of the constitution were amended aiming at the sweeping overwhelming of the Muslim Brothers had in the parliament . Nobody can claim that converting the election into a war against slogans managed to determine the political conflict between the brothers and the National Party . this democratic process is sympathetic and will lead to the death of the political work .
The Egyptian people are fed up with this barren conflict between the National Party and the Brothers ' and it won't do any good to the future of the political life in Egypt . No doubt the National Party is building up now a new house for the majority . collecting around those who belong to it and eliminate the opportunists , who are too old , after it found out that they are permanent members in every party beginning from the National Union Organisation , then the Socialistic Union and finally the National Party . In all the democratic countries or the non democratic countries all consent that the party expresses the conditions of people in confront with the government which submits to questioning from the party ; where it lasts its responsibility if it succeeds in committing with the policy party and leaves out if it fails . History emphasises that the crisis of the National Party is that they don't separate the party from the government .Still the political strategy is unable to determine the historical phrase " the government party or the party government " . After the eradication of the religious opposing party which they achieved nothing , the future and destiny of the civil opposition is the first challenge that faces the National Party which they live the ecstasy of the sweeping majority . Why don't they think to set up an external opposition to block out the windows in front of the dictatorial resolution ?
This rate of attendance to the polls in Egypt perplex the political experts . It points out the relaxation of the parties and their fragile potentials to mobolise the citizens . There is no confidence between the citizen and the government , besides , the citizen lacks the political education . Years ago , we opposed the idea of " Youth Organisation " because it belonged to the " Socialistic Union " . there should be youth organisation belongs to the parties where they could hatch leaders , there are no trained leaders to join with the crowds to stir them up and move them to the polls . Moreover , the citizen thinks that these elections are fake , that leads to lack of credibility and reluctance of the citizens to participate in the polls .
To solve this negative phenomena ; first , to restore the confidence between the citizen and the government through stopping anti – propaganda from any other power in society , this deforms the image of the regime , repeating that noise in reforming , that leads to depression and disappoint the citizen's capacity to develop the feeling of citizenship and participation We should stamp out the dictatorship of both the minority and the sweeping majority in the parliament .
By the course of time , a lot of people were surprised to know that president Bush came to admit the impotence of his administration to oblige the Arab middle east governments to comprehensive democratic reforms . He attributed that to bureaucracy and the vision of the area leaders who prefer graduation and meditation , and leaving the mission to the next generation . America came to the conclusion that stability is more useful for the American interests than unguaranteed consequences modifications . The surprise comes from the return of the American president to arouse the demands of the democratic reform in the middle , and in Egypt , particularly , and in other areas of the world , although he knows that this isn't the official policy of his country as long as he stays in his short term , and although he admitted that , too , this " demonstration from his part won't have any credibility inside or outside the US ' that was a talk occasion . So, why did he assume that the other leaders have within their organisations and societies a resisting power that must be put into consideration for the resolution maker .
If we go back to some historical experiments in the democratic reform in the third world countries allied to Washington : were the Iranian model at the time of Shah and the South Korean model that lasted till now . The two models had something in common . It was the American fear from the communist expansion for the two countries . Iran was a neighbour to the Soviet Union . the communist party " Towada " was so strong that they build up a country in the north after the second world war .
South Korea was surrounded by the communist regime of North Korea and China . In Iran , Shah had to carry out the American agenda for reform literally after he saw the anger in Kennedy’s eyes Hence the " Revolution of Shah and the People " launched . It implied the redistribution of the agricultural properties , making periodical directed elections and beginning comprehensive industrialisation operation . But , the outcome was a failure and resulted in the toppling over of the whole regime , it was substituted by the Religious Foundation after a bloody revolution . the reasons were numerous , most of all , the trespassing American influence provoked the Iranian religious and national feelings that was depicted in the coalition of Shah with Israel . then , the internal reason was that the erosion of the liberal powers as a result of negligence after the American coup d' etat over Mossadak 's government in 50th , last century ; left the square free but the religious foundation opposing the Shah regime .
In South Korea , there was similarity with the Iranian model . They began with agricultural reform , then the industrial development , yet the outcome was different , we can see now , in Soel democratic regime because it managed to absorb all the new political and social powers . the governments of Soel didn't subject to the American direct command , but they clashed with the American administrations and they asked the help of a strong lobby from the congress and American tycoons to resist the ready made American agenda . In the mean time , these governments were serious , they were stressed by the popular pressures that always launched from the students , the labourers and the craftsmen , afterwards there was a fierce war on corruption and the law was able to cross out the military establishment , finally , deciding the principle of the circulation of the authority .
The lesson the American president should take is that democracy isn't occasional chat , not as in our Arab or Egyptian case ; a prescription from Elio Sharanski , but , it is the outcome of internal social controversy ; the external inspiration may do it good , but the direct command policy obstacle it .
What happens to the Arabs now ; killing , shedding blood that due to lack of democracy .the Arabs don't learn from their mistakes . the latest phenomena was the fighting between Hamas and Fath . that what the Israeli government wanted as a goal they tried hard to achieve . they betted that there will be a civil war between Hamas and Fath . when the conversion of the global system took place by the end of 1989 , on finishing the cold war ., the winds blew on all the whole world , but the winds changed its course when it came to the Arab world . they refused to respond to the historical change of the international society . the country potentials are based – rising up economically and humanly on democracy – as a political system . that was settled in the new international system as democracy is the legality of any ruling regime . It is also the assured irrevocable way for developing economy and promoting human beings and the competitive economical potential turned out to be one of the components of the national security .
Many developing countries realised this fact – like East South Asian Countries , Brazil , India and South Africa. Their international position advanced in comparison with the super powers , but the Arabs didn't understand this fact . After 11 – 9 – 2001, the US declared their new foreign political strategy on 20 – 9 2002 . they changed their administrative rules with the Arab world . they modulated the conception of the enemies and friends " those who are not with us are against us " but the Arabs kept on sticking to their traditional foreign policy . they didn't develop their vision and tactics to match with the new world strategy . the American experts ; those who are near the resolution industry offered the new policy and how they transformed the front line with the ancient Soviet Union to inside the Arab world which is considered the source of hazard and menace of their new national security . yet the Arabs didn't take any step to modulate their national security strategies ; but rather , left their vital domain ; -- a security vacuum ; persuading any regional or international powers to violate their strategical vacuum . that was the main reasons behind arsoning the successive crises in the Arab world , without any ability to predict the crisis and ban them or even solve them like what happens in Palestine , Lebanon , Sudan and Somalia .
The only solution is the popular participation through true democracy - in the resolution industry – and monitoring reward and punishment process to the execution – to believe in circulating the regime . If any group governs by itself and monopolises the resolution , that will lead to a disaster , whereas the variation of opinions protects the country from disaster .
In his book " the graves diggers " by Roge` Garodi ; the French thinker- copied a phrase from Jean Jack Rousseau – in the Social Contract – there hadn't been any democracy ever since , and there won't be " Garodi said , then there weren't any democracies , or only , rather superficial ones , like that which was set up in Athens in the time of Percales , or under the Ramon republic reign . At the beginning of our first school years , we were taught that Athens , was considered in the 5th century BC –the mother and the model of democracies . but , there were only – in the time of Percales – two thousand free citizens , on the other hand , there were 110 , 000 persons deprived of any political rights . this democracy was based on the minority , and all the other forms of democracy depended on illusion and conjuration .
When the US separated from the British colonialisation – declared the equality to all human beings , but they conserved slavery all a century long and it wasn't cancelled until after a civil war . the racial discrimination kept on going till now . Even the first French constitution – declared the human rights ; the citizen , all human beings were born free and equal in rights , but most of the citizens were eliminated from voting because they didn't have properties . In England , the Magna Charta, and then " no representation without taxation " . Garodi thinks that we are in need of a new political and social issue where the base participates wholly substituting the parties system and to fight a battle of human economy .
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