Chapter ( 13 )

The Hollywoodian president wishes Iraq to be democratic. if the Iraqi government is able to provide protection , the basic services are to be served to the citizens and to practise democracy on the Israeli style which was exposed to terroristic incidents for long. He gave amazing procedures to the return of the normal life in Iraq particularly the " football matches and the crowded markets " .

But Afghanistan had a bad luck , it used to be an arena for franchising battles between the super powers . In 80th of the last century it was the battle between America and the Soviet Union . On the first decade of the third millennium , Iran substituted the Soviet Union . Practically Iran plays games in Iraq as well as Afghanistan in response to the endless American pressure to freeze the Iranian nuclear program . In addition , Tehran considers the continuation of the foreign- American existence in Afghanistan a hazard on their national security. Iran has another interests representing in giving the American administration a message ; meaning that America can't do without the Iranian role in this part of the world ; being a hefty regional power to be respected and appreciated by Washington and their allies . Consequently , it isn’t strange that Tehran gives a hand to Taliban ; providing them with weapons and ammunitions ; since the enemy in this case is common . Although Tehran , beforehand thought Taliban as a source of danger , after they had set up a Sunni state on the borders of the Iran’s Shiite country . It is clear that the US committed an error when they killed Dad Allah ; the military leader of Taliban – thinking this will give a shock to Taliban , but , on the contrary , that gave them a chance to creep over the American forces as well as the Nato forces as a means of revenge . the same situation was repeated in Iraq when they killed Abu Mossab El Zarquawi . they thought that this will perplex the armed groups and violence will retreat , yet they discovered , after a while , his assassination opened the doors of hell . Taliban actually controls the southern parts of the country and their suicide attacks drew near Kabul , Kandhar , and other cities . It is obvious that Krasi and the American officials didn’t know that Taliban dream to restore their sovereignty to Afghanistan , and they will look for Iran to help them .

On the other hand , the Afghanistan war caused the terrorism infrastructure to be put to pieces and deployed in different parts in the world as London , Madrid and Bali . the deeds of Bush’s administration resulted in deforming the war on terrorism and transforming it to a bloody clash between Islam and the western civilisation . the hostile trend from the Arab world to America increased , and the popularity of legal survival of Quaeda as yet in Afghanistan ? What are the reasons of the propagation of Jihad thoughts in many of the Arabian countries ? how long will Ben Laden and Ayman El Zawahri disappear ? .

We must put a fact into consideration that , if the American forces managed to kill Ben Laden or capture him , and even , it is granted that , the decrease of the armed activity of Quaeda , the subjective components to the other organisations split out from Quaeda will remain surviving . This emphasises that Quaeda worked for years without any direct connection with their leaders in Afghanistan . there , the dislocation of the first cell started to expand for years and deployed in different countries in the Arab world . What is going on in Iraq , Afghanistan and Lebanon is an evidence for the Quaeda success, if it isn’t , it emphasises the failure of the American conquest to Iraq and Afghanistan . One of the most important reasons behind the survival of Quaeda as yet in Afghanistan is that most of their agents are qualified with high security sensor , providing them a cover of protection and an ability to disappear from the successive American attacks . In Afghanistan the Quaeda agents managed to make use of the tough geographical nature of their country as well as the tribal distributions between Afghanistan and Pakistan in camouflage and transport easily from one place to another .

The foreign conquest to Afghanistan was a chance to change the construction of the Afghani society . Afghanistan is marked by its rocks , caves and mountains , they didn’t have any sea . In the north live the Osepek ; estimated at 1,3 million persons , they extend from Mazar El Sherif to Ospikestan . El Tajeek represent 3,5 million people . they live from the north of Afghanistan to Tajekistan . the Afghani constitution and the new ruling regime came to admit this tribal distribution officially . Those who chose Kursi as a president of the country was the council of the tribes chiefs known as “ Loria Gerga “ . this tribal division led to form a faction for every group which dominate their lands each one of them . that is why the problem of militias emerged to control a whole area in Afghanistan , despite the existence of the central government and the foreign forces as yet . Nothing left to Kursi or the international forces to achieve stability in any region of the country unless they come back to the chiefs of the tribes in the different regions and to co- ordinate with them , otherwise the worst will happen .In fact , the first appearance to Taliban’s power again ; after losing it – through the suicide operation took place in military Pagram Base which coincidenced with visit of American vice – president Dick Chini . But for his luck , this attack would have caused a disaster . this means that this movement can penetrate a lot of security procedures . they, as well , succeeded in imposing their command on the eastern borders , the mountains of Tora Tora . they restored their laws and control on the region . the murder of Mullah Dad Allah ; the military leader didn’t affect them badly . the daily life in the Afghani villages and tribal regions follow the Talibani style . Kabul is the only part that can be liberal or urban, which is mastered by the Afghani forces and the government of Karasi who was exposed to an operation of assassination on April 2008. Moreover , the war and the foreign interference didn’t overcome the problem of planting drugs . the United Nations think …. To finish off drugs in Afghanistan needs a generation especially opium plantation which increased in 2006 up to 60 % and the production increased 50 % , where Afghanistan produces more than 90 % of the World opium .

In Sudan , Omar El Basheer exhorted the west to repeat the sceneries of Iraq and Afghanistan in Sudan , and any foreign interferences in his country regarding Darfor will resisted toughly . he won’t accept any “ oil for food “ programmes , even if he had to keep the oil inside their grounds ; in a gesture directed by Non – governmental organisations to apply a programme in Sudan to finance the human operations in Darfor , similar to the programme imposed by the United Nations on Iraq . He confirmed that all the forces that will come to Darfor will be utterly Africans and their mission is defined . Sudan contacted with the African countries which avowed to fulfill their commitment concerning the participation in these forces . Any attempt to go back to the resolution 17o6 will be rejected . the divisions in the sides of the armed movements in Darfor delay to reach a peaceful settlement ; despite the government procedures to determine peace and carry out projects for development . El Basheer condemned the US imposing sanctions on his country and these sanction won’t let the refugees to go back to their villages or help to provide services . He thought the goal of these sanctions is to weaken the Sudanese economy . He assured that the security position in Darfor is improving greatly especially after the reconciliation took place between Sudan and Chad .

The African leaders in their annual conference Ghana , on July 2007 , instead of suggesting and discussion executable thoughts to reduce the catastrophe of the African people of epidemics , economical backwardness , poverty and shortage of the basic services , like health and education , El Gazafi consummated imaginary , idealistic ideas which can’t be achieved due to political , ethnic, economical and social reasons , , but it rather uses up time , effort and money searching for solving even – a part pf the incurable problems in Africa. The call for setting up African United States has been renewed – including 53 countries , one unified army which was disapproved in the summit of 2003 . Some people admire the US which was unified by means of force or admire the European Union which was established 50 years ago ; times of turmoil , sweat , and trials of success and failure . They failed in the project of the unified European constitution , besides Britain didn’t join the unified currency system . they didn’t manageto build up the fast interfering forces . the African Union organisations were not completed . Nor has the resolution of carrying out the African economical association been done as yet , although over than27 years have passed . the trade between the countries of the African Union is only 4 % of the volume of the African trade with the world . 90 % of the African people are living without electricity . the rate of AIDS is high in Africa as well as Cholera and Malaria . 46 % live under poverty line . the civil wars , conflicts are afflicting in the African bodies . Africa has a long way before accomplishing this ambitious target . the beginning of this course is to solve the political reform problems , to accept the challenge of democracy and confronting the internal unrests and the terroristic tribal disturbances , and disputes. The example of these disputes are between El Polissario ; supported by Algeria and Morocco ; the popular front to liberate the “ Saquia El Hamra “ ( the Red Wheel ) where there were negotiations between them in New York on June 2007 and likewise in the beginning of 2008 – didn’t gain any advance owing to the insistence of every part to stick to its situation to solve the dispute of the Moroccan desert over 30 years ago .

Morocco thinks that the only solution is implied in granting the desert inhabitants an autonomy proving the remaining region under the Moroccan sovereignty . the Polissario thinks that the solution is larked in making a referendum . the two members of the delegation exchanged charges , the general secretary of the United Nations had to put off these negotiation . This problem caused to devastate the relationship between Algeria and Morocco , closing the borders as well as destroying the Moroccan Union . the question is that will the two sides make a compromise; preventing the absolute segregation to the desert in return for not joining wholly to Morocco ?

The only country that can benefit from Africa is china . the commercial volume between African Union and China gets to 55 billion dollars in 2006 ; where China depends on Africa a basic procurer of energy and raw materials . the motives of China are economical because Africa could be a promising market for the Chinese products . Africa , by its turn , needs more infrastructure , besides , the developing projects that pave the way widely before the Chinese investments in the continent. But America does not want to leave the dark country alone . they planned to establish a new American central leadership in Africa. It was obvious that Washington wanted to set up a leadership in Egypt or Libya ; when they refused , Washington went to Chad . In fact America wants a base nearby Darfor so that they could jump and control it .

Eventually , the absence of democracy is the other coin of the nature of dictatorship . political sociology scientists describe the dictatorial state as monopolising the sources of power , authority and fortune in society in favor of the elite or the family or the ruling tribe . Democracy can’t be imported from abroad . It is a local and popular product . Henry Kissinger is right when he said .. the drawback of the basic American policy is that it is purely American . they want to apply on other countries their democratic system , although the environment , the circumstances and the interests are different .